Synchronized motion-picture and sound reproduction



Nov. 8, 1927.

M. HOFFMAN SYNCHRONIZED MOTION PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCTION Filed Aug. 18. 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 EET Nov. 8, 192 7.

M. HOFFMAN SYNCHRONIZED MOTION PICTUR AND SOUND REPRODUCTION Filed Aug. 18. 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 NN MN INN u N N N N X x :In L 4 l f- N3 i m A v n n u @www m Q uw v l E g Olm Y-,MNNHHHHMHHHUMHHMHHUHwww@ i I h 1 Nov. 8, 1927. 1,648,480

M. HOFFMAN SYNCHRONIZED MOTION PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCTION Filed Aug. lf3. 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Y INVE R Patented Nov. 8, 1927.

UNITED STATES MICHAEL HOFFMAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

SYNCHRONIZED MOTION-PICTURE AND SOUND REPRODUCTION.

Application led August 18, 1927. Serial No. 213,730.

.My invention relates to combined motion picture projecting and sound reproducing machines operating in unison and wherein the sound record consists of vocal, instrumental or other sounds appropriate to the subject, parts and scenes represented in a picture and arranged for completing the accoustical and optical illusion presented by such picture on a screen.

The main object of the present invention is io provide means capable of manual adj ustment or set-ting at will for automatically eliminating from reproduction any part or parts of a sound record as may be necessary or desirableto co-ordinate the sound record with the motion picture in the event that any part or arts of the motion picture film are removed3 for any reason, and thereby maintain the' proper synchronism between the operation of the twornachines or -picture and sound reproduction. It is well understood that, in combining and operating two such machines in unison the picture film and sound record must 'have the same time duration, or at least the one must have a definite startingy and stopping point rela.- tive to theother, and that to produce the desired effect the sounds must be in unison with the.motions,y actions or effects portrayed by the picture. This effect maybe readilyproduced ,where thej picture, and sound recordare reproduced as originally made, butras is 4well yln:1ovvn,x parts'of the picture film become mutilated and cannot be immediately replaced, or parts maybe intentionally removed from thepicture, and in such cases it becomes necessary to make adjustments in the operation of thesound reproducing machine to maintain the proper synchronism, and that such"adjustments must be practically instantaneous. i

In carrying my invention into -eifectjI preferably combine with a motionppicture projector the type ofy phonographjwhich is designed for reproducing sounds from cylindrical records, andA having a feed screw and slide rest for the reproducer arm. Such machine Imay drive by directly connectingthe same to an` operating` shaftof the motion picture projecting machine, either by direct shafting, gearing or chain drive,or the phonograph-may have its own motor and provision made forstarting and stopping the sound reproduction linunison with the picture film movement and projection. To thi.. type of phonograph I add a secondary feed screw of much greater pitch than the normal or primary feed screw, and I also add a movable auxiliary slide rest which is Aarranged to effect in one movement the raising of the reproducer arm for the purpose of disengaging the reproducer stylus from the sound record and the primary feed arm from the normal feed screw, and the engagement of an auxiliary feed arm with the high pitched feed screw. The movement of this auxiliary slide-rest is preferably effected by means of an electro-magnetic.deviee,such as a solenoid. `In addition I provide means, capable of manual adjustment, for automatically effecting the shift from lthe primary to the secondary feed screw at predetermined points, and such means preferably consist o'f a bar carrying adjustable contacts with which a contact bladevor brush mounted von a movable arm makes contact to energize the electromagnetic device for operating the movable ,auxiliary slide rest-the circuit to which is 'made' and broken as the contact blade is moved along the contact bar by the movable arm. In practice I prefer to mount this cir/cuit controlling device on the phonograph Kand to secure the `moving contact blade on l the reproducer arm of the phonograph.

My invention is illustrated in the accom- 'panying drawings, 4in which Figure l is a ,.planlview of' the -sound reproducing machine;,Figure 2 a front elevation; -Figure 3 facentral vertical section'through Figure l, with the addition of a diagrammatic illustration of the circuit connections for the electro-magnetic shifting device and 'for the i.sound reprod'ucer or Aloud-speaker Vco-operating With the phonograph reproducer, and the driving connection between the phono- 'fgrapliand motion picture projector; Figure ,4 a detailfview, part-ly in elevation and partlyfin section, of the automatic controllingf device; 'Figure' a partial plan View ,lof the samedevice; and Figures 6 and 7 fare schematic plan and end Iviews of a modlificat-ion Aemploying a disc yfsound record. The details of the motion picture projector are` not shown since the construction and operation is well understood, and it being thought sufficient for the proper understanding of my invent-ion to merely illustrate a driving connectfon between the two machines.

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to Figure 1, the base of the phonograph is indicated at l, and from which llO fit)

titl

two bearing'i plates 2 and project.' vertically, the former having av forward extension 2a, and the latter' a lug 33. In theseV plates are formed the hearing--or the normal -feed 3E, and at they underside ofthe forwardend.

it is slotted'to receive the locking bolt 11.

-The reproducer slide-rest is shown' at 12;`

and -is' in tlreform of a vert-ical' plate having rectangular extensions 12"byy means of which iti-ia bolted 'to-base 1, andfliavi'n'galso a forwardly projecting flangel 12b at its upper edge', and which flange has la vertical bead pil-:inedito a' straight-edge to" form the' slide f'o'rtl're presserfoot-of the' reproducer arm. At its mid-section plate` 12jh'asy a large opening (seeFigure2) whicltperinits the plate to. straddle a cylinder 13 projecting from base 1.` The lockingbolt 11"fo'r the end-gate is" hinged attheY right-hand endlof plate 12, so as. to swing4 downwardi out of the slotted end'oflgate 9to permit the gate to be'. opened for placing' a cylindrical sound record'gll on cylinder 'or'lthe removal of'a record'therefrom.-

The reprodncer arin is shown at1 15, Figures I and 2, and totlie underside' of which is bolted a slide collar v16 adapted to slide on rodV 6. In frontl of the slidel collar and in alignment with the feed' screw 4' is bolted a nut-section 17, andV at the rear end isbolted a nut-section 18 adapted to. engage Wit-lrf'eed Screw 5.' The rear endof the reproducer arm 15. is bent upward sulhciently to permit nut-section 18 to clear feed screw 5`whiletlie arm is fed at the normal operating Speed, and also while the arm is held in an' intermediate or inoperative position, as will be presently explained. The forward end of' the reproducer arm is slotted: to receive apivoted presser-foot 19 (see Figure 3) having a flat face adapted to Slide on the straightedge of rest 12. As-Shownfl in gure 3, the presser-foot',` reproducer arm, and; nut' section 171are in the position for normal operation with the reprodueer stylus in contact with the record. Thet'ace ofA the presserf'ootis developed into a cam face at 1917' so that when the operatinglever 19h is pressed downward, the reproducer arm wilt be caused to rock on the guide-rod and disenrfrage the feed nut 1T from feedscrewft', but not farA enough to cause nut section-18 to engage screw 5, and at the same time disengaging the reproducer stylus from the record, thus placing the reproducer arm in its intermediate or inoperative position. In this position of the reproducer arm a sound' recoid'una'y be placed in` position orremorcd from thecylinder 7. 1t'- desired cam face 19 may be extended so that further depression vof lever 19"- Will rock the arm 15 Sutiicicntly to cause nut section 18 to engage acre-w. 5,. thus providing-manual control for the high speed non-sound-reproducing leed of the reproducer-arin. At a section of the reproducer arm slightly to the rear of the axis of the recordcylii'id'er is an enlargement 20 to which is secured the-.soundorA vibration reproducer 21havingia sty-'lies 22, sec Figure 3f For' thev purpose ot"illustr'ation, this reproducer' isi shown generically as an el'ectrical reproducen off the sound vib'ratione formed-f om -t-h'e record 14,' whereby the vibrations imparted` tothe-stylus by the record undulations will be' transfornied'into electrical u-ndulations, which in turn are' transinitt-.ed-4 overa circuit 235o'f'any' suitable ainplifying character tol atelephone head1-'set '24, and reprodu'cer casio-called lou'di-'spealter 25; "Itvvil-l lie-understood, however, that-'- my improved sound 'reproducing f machine may be provided with any' typereprod-ucer'such as coininonly'employed in sound 'reproducing n'iachi-nes`V wherein a diaphragan isiA directly operatedf-byf a? stylus to` produce-soundt;

Tlie automatic shift-ing means' A for: disengaging the reprod'ucer'4 stylus and1V normal feed',l and-i connecting` the'Y rep'roducerv arm the secondary or hi'glr Y speed fee'd'" to eliminate predetermined partsV ofi the sound record from reproducti'oii' comprises'an auX- iliaryi'sli'de-re't, a solenoid-v for actuating saine, a"stati'onary adjustable Contact bar and a movable; bru`slr``or Contact' blade' for "controlling the. circuit" to the solenoid. The Yauxiliarysl'iderest 2 6-i`s in the form of a plate equal in length to the stationary slide re'st 132,'and is provided with verticaltslots 26a at itis ends'which permit vertical sliding movement. Plate A26 is held against the-face of flange- 12 offthe stationary slide restby a. guardplate 27j and screws 28 which pass through slots 26, and which screws are shouldered so as not t-o bind plate'26. llhen the auxiliary Slide rest is inA its lowerinost or inactive position' the upper edge of the plate is in'the-saineplane with the straighted'geof slide 12", see Figure 3: The solenoid for actuating the auxiliary slide rest is shown at 30andi's lioused vin the'cylinder 13 as' best seen in' Figure 3;. 'Elie movable core 29: is Slotted` ati' its upper end' and' into this slot 'project-a. lug' from the center of the lower edgeof plate 26= and isI pinned thereto; Core' 29i's madeiu two partel screwed together, assh'own in Figure, and the' upper part whichV is attached to the' plate 26; is made of non-magnetic material. The upwardinovement ofthe core when. the Coil' is energized is limited b v a stop 31 which may beadjustable. It will'be observed that when the Solenoidis energized and the core drawn llo lil() IOS upward,- the auxiliary` slide restlt'willbe moved upward, raising the reproducerar-m and' causing the reproducingl .stylus 22 and feed'nut 17 to be disengaged, andlnut 18to engagefeed screw 5 and thereby cause the reproducer to be fedfor'ward at a. high-rate of speed, without, however,-reproducing any vibrations from the sound record. This'for'- Ward feed without sound: repoductiorrwill continueso long: as the solenoid'remainsv enL ergized. The windingofthe solenoid isconnect'ed to a circuit 32, one terminal of which is connected to one'of the-screws 28', or other part, of the machine frame, andthe other terminali is connected -to' the contact -bar 33 which forms part of tlie third element' o f the `automatic shifting; means.` Bar- 33, which is* preferably square g i 'n -cross section, extendsth'e full '.lengtlro'- thex ina'cline. as seen` i'n'- Figure- 1-gand is'i longitudinally slotted'on 'its'upper-surfae t-b'reeeivwplte oi insiil'tiri'gmaterialw'hiclii secured inL position'in' an'yi-k suitablefnfr'iiner:-l Near the-upperedgese'ofifthfsdes the b'm-V 33 are-'cutfn'arrow1 slots {see Figure 4 adapte'd resented=' y one-clipg-'n thelonp'faclof thefb'ar a33i-'unborn endsy'arrscrewe-B vdeclmtllrthnmbuts(seelireryaml u'pon'tgthese is'cjrwsia '-p-litgo'x Ais loosel J mountedl against 'spir'alzspringsf- 37, .and t siplatei i-pecxvf1dgmritletinne1f siete wthf; az facing.' ofi soft-'f orrcwnpressiblema. terial 38;vsuohJ's-rubllerf #This p'nrpose of this plate is to lock the contact clips'i34iin positionox the bar33bytghtexingthenuts onsscrewsz-sPandztherbyssqaeezingethefsoft. facing; againstf'tle' clips. To s hift' th'e clips onf-ba i` 33,# th'e'fnutsro'n serews'z 35i are! sel-owed back; allolwing:springsE 37- -t fm'over plate' 36 outwardandiits'daeingout: of! contacti with thetolpss'. The clips may' no wlbeladjnstedito any desiredxpoi'nt' or. intofany desired grouping.' and@2 theulocked" irrposition". agi'r' by tightening screws. arisalso provided with pin-holes-.ab each e-ndwhich register with vpins 39;-1gure4i andj a t' ther left lhanfl end'is-a'bind-ingepost.40., Figure-1, to which onefterminal ofrcircuitfSZris attached:` Pins 39 aref-rigid] )H inbnnted-in 'insu-lati ng .disks -4-1 whichvarezrigidly mounted on a gauge-'plate 42. Bac withits' contact.- clips 34 and locking ban jisiremovable'fand:interchangezieht-43, See Figure 5, through whirh'pro- 2:1-

ject screws having square heads 4 seated in squared recesses in the underside ofthe brackets, and there screws pass upward through holes` inlthe gauge plae and are provided with tlunnlynuts 43 by means of which thel plate is clampedo the brackets; the'slots` m't-he brackets permitting slight longitudinal adjustmento.'tlie gauge relative to the recordcifliuder. It is well known thatf1n-sound reproducing machines opcratin'g'with cylindrical records, tha-t the records vary slightly ininternal diameter* and that therefore the longitudinal positiont of the record-on cylinder rtwill vary-slightly. he

adjustability of gauge 42 is to meet this i" v'arationlandi permi'tth'e zero'graduation to be adjusted' to the' ti rst'thread -or' groove of the'record.l Asiindi'cated"iii-Figure l, and assuming ther'eco'rd grooves-on'cylin'd'er 14 run 100 to the inch, and' twelve inchesin oircumference, each graduation on the scale willrepre'ent ltlireads,`v or 120I inches 'of sound record, ortenv feet-o motion picture fIm. If it -bed'esiredg'fr inst-ance; t'o eliminate'- 'vf'om reproduction;- the' sonnet-ritiratinsfre'corded in threads indicated on the scalex'asrfrom1605to-270; 4901to 550. and 650 to'790; three groupsof contact-clips 3' will,` be arrangedion -t-he bar indicated in=Figure 1. Vif-hen the clips -arc so arranged and clam-pediin position by bar'lh'the contact bar` may he'rem'oved` and replaced at willfor th'e farne recordand the' same eliminations-,an'd'if there is any variation in the position of? the record cylinder 14 when replacing-itfon cylinder 7, all that'isnecessary tofobtaina' propel-'positioning of the contact bar relative to t-hc-soundaecord is to loosen thuinblnuts 43'and 'reset the scale so that. itsi zero graduation will register with the iirstth'rea'dou the.' record' andthen clamp il. in Position' onth'e bracket-s. dien-thc'cont-icl. bar 33'\\'ith its groups-of:'contari'rlip now replaced oni the scalc42 the Arel llllil of thel'contat-,t-s relative to the record will again? be as' indicated in' Figure l. since the contact clips are clamped in position on the bar'andthe holes` in thc: underside of the har' registering withpins -59 will place the bariu' its-proper and original position lil.)

on the scale plate 42. For the purpose of identifying a record contact bar 33 having contact clips 34 arranged for sound eliminations for a certain record, I will employ identifying tags which may be attached to the contact bar 33 in anyvsuitable manner, as for instance by the provision of a slot 33b at the right hand end of the bar, Figure 1, into which a tag may be inserted and pinned in place, or a holemay he provided for receiving a split ring bearing a tag.

The circuit to the solenoid is completed by a bras-hor contact b1ade44 secured to a bracket 45 which is bolted to the underside of reproducer arm 15 in front of the contact bar 33. This conta-ct brush is shown in the form of an invert-ed V strip of spring metal with one end secured to the bracket and .the other end bearing against the bracket, the point of contact with the insulating plate and contact clips being at the apex of the V. It will be observed in Figures- 3 and 4 that the insulating plate 33 and clips 34 are relaL tivelyhigh compared tothe width of the brush 44. The purpose -of thisis toinsure the brush remaining in contact with plate 33 or clips 34 when the reproducer arm is held in elevated positionbyathe movable slide rest or the movement lof* the presserfoot 19. Y i

The phonograph cylinder and feed screws are -rotated .by a train of gears .46, 47, 4S and 49 which may be drivenin any. suitable manner, but for the purpose/of the present illustration, a sprocket wheel andchain drive 50, 51 and 52 is shown. Sprocket wheel 52 may be driven'from :anyisource of const-ant speed, but in this instance isinteuded to represent a' wheel. on a shaft of aumotion' picture projector" so thatthe rotation of the record cylinder.- `will Start and step with the movement of. the; motionv picture film, and at the proper relative speeds.

In Figures 6 and 7 I have shown aschematic illustration'of a` disktypeof sound reproducing machine. In these views 4 and 5 indicate the normaland secondaryl feed screws, respectively, and 17 and 18 the feed nuts carried by the reproducer arm; 6 the guide rod for the-reproducer arm; 12 and 2G the fixed and movable Aslide rests,.,respec tively. and 19 .the cam presser-foot forthe reproducer arm: 14 indicates the. disk record carried by the usual rotating tableand 2l represents the reproducer. In this type of machine the movable slide rest 26 .would 'ce operated in the same manner asillus- (rated in Figure 3 in connection with the cylinder type of machine, and a similar contact bar 33 and brush 44 would be employed, but in this case the scale 42. could be'dis pensed with, and pins 39 for locating and fixing the contact bar would project from the base plate of the machine. These details are obvious and henceare omitted from the drawings to avoid unnecessary duplication. The spindle of the rotary table for the record would be driven from a connection with the motion picture machine as indicated in Figure 3 or by any other suitable contant speed drive and controlled by any .suitable means for starting and stopping Iiieiwo machines and to keep them running in unison.

The high speed secondary feed for the reproducer arm may be as rapid as desired within practical limits. For instance the normal surface speed of the .sound record may be twelve inches per second, which is the normal speed of motion picture film feed, and the `nigh pitch feed screw may have four threads to the inch as compared, for instance, to a normal feed for the reproducer arm equivalent to 100 threads per inch, and the high pitch screw may be driven at, say 240 lt. l), M. and the normal feed screw at 60 R. P. M. Under such conditions the normal forward feed of the reproducer arm would be one thread or 1/100 of an inch per second; whereas, the forward high speed feed would be at a rate due to four i'evolutions of the screw having four threads per inch, or one inch per second, which would be equivalent to 100 record threads, or 100 feet of motion picture film. Such rapid non-sound-reproducing feed movementwould. be practically instantaneous, since the elimination would occur in one one-hundredth ofthe time it would take to vreproduce that length of picture and sound record at normal running speed. In practice, the contact clips will be arranged so that each sound record elimination will be ,slightly in excess of its respective picture film deletion,lso that the slight picture film vfeed taking place during the time that the phonograph is operating at the high speed non-sound-reproducing feed will be compensated for and absolute synchronism maintained.

In motion picture service it is customary to inspect picture films for imperfections, such as bad joints, torn sprocket holes, picture mutilations, etc., and repairs are made before shipment or before the reel of film is again run through the projector, and in making such repairs short sections are deleted.

.Also in many instances certain parts of a vpicture reel are deleted for various reasons,

and suoli deletions at timesarc permanent and very often only temj'iorary. [n all such cases where a sound record had been prepared as an accompaniment to the piet-ure, it was necessary to prepare a cue sheet for the purpose of indicating'to the machine operator when and what adjustments to make in order to maintain synchronism between the motion picture projection and the sound reproduction. From the foregoing description of my invention it will be readily understood how this may be accomplished automatically during the operation of the two machines running in unison by the employment of the attachments to the sound reproducing machine above outlined. there a picture and record are to be reproduced as originally made, that is without eliminations, the contact bar ot the phonograph is either removed entirely or the contact clips are removed therefrom or shifted out of contact range. lWhen, however, a picture has been deleted, the picture and its sound record will be run in unison for the purpose of arranging the record-eliininations. This is -done by setting contact clips in'position on the contact bar as the points in the motion picture where deletions occur are reached, and as many contact clips roinone up are arianged in one or iiioie groups to -cover the entire vrange and length of the picture omissions. A Contact bar so arranged may be employed as a sample for additional bars where more than one reel of the same picture, similarly deleted, is in service; and Where the deletions are dissimilar a` contact bar will be specially prepared for each reel. And, as above 4eX- plained, each contact bar will have its contact clips clamped against displacement by fitsflocking-bar, and therefore the prepared contact bars may be retained for iiidenite use, 'or they may be modified from time to timeasthe respective motion pictures for which the bars were prepared are modified by further deletions or replacements. And,

Vas' above' stated, these bars will be tagged and may be shipped to users with each pair of picture and sound records. But, it will be observed, the user is always in position to makefhis own picture and record deletions by first making the desired deletions in the picture and then ruiming the picture and its sound record in unison to arrange the contact bar for effecting the automatic sound record eliminations.

I do not claim herein the construction of the sound reproducing machine per se since that. feature oi niy invention is separately claimed in niy application for Letters Patent for improvements in sound reproducing niachiiies, tiled Oct. ll, 1927, Serial No. 225,407.

That I claim is:

l. In apparatus for synchronously projecting pictures and reproducing sound records, the combination of a picture projector, a sound reproducing machine provided with means for discontinuing and resuming sound reproduction without'interrupting the forward feed of the sound reproducer, meansv for effecting the operation of the two machines in unison, and a device for automatically effecting the operation of said firstiiained means at `predetermined points relative to the picture and sound'record, whereby predetermined parts of the sound record may be automatically omitted from reproduction and synchronism between vpicture projection and sound reproduction maintained.

2. In apparatus for synchronously projecting pictures and reproducing sound records, the combination oit a picture projector, a sound reproducing machine provided -With means for raising and lowering the sound reproducer arm for discontinuing and resuming sound reproduction Without interrupting theforward feed of the reproducer arm, means for efiectingthe operation of the two machines in unison, and a device for automatically effecting the operation of said lirst-named means at predetermined points relative to the picture and'sound record, whereby predetermined parts of' the sound record may tieautomatically omitted from reproduction-and synchronism between picture 4projection land Vsound reproduction maintained. f- 3. In apparatus for synchronously: projecting pictures and reproducing soundv records, the combinat'ionfof a -pictureprojectorya sound reproducing machinei provided 4With a two-speed yfeeding mechanism. for tlie sound reproducer and means forchanging the feed trom one speed to the other' and simultaneously eliminating' sound reproduction duringthe high speed feed, means for effectingv the i operation' fofthe two machines in unison, and a device for automatically-'controlling the operation of vsaid frstf'named means, at predetermined points relative to the picture and sound record, whereby predetermined parts of the sound record may be automatically omitted from lreproduction and theV reproducer simultaneously fed at high speed to restore synchronism with uninterrupted.picture projection.

4. In'appa'ratus or'synchronously projecting pictures and reproducing sound records, the combination of a picture projector, a sound reproducing machine provided with a movable slide-rest for the sound reproducer arin and means for operating the slide-rest to raise or lower the reproducer arm for the purpose ot' discontinuing or resuming sound reproduction without interrupting the forward feed of the reproducer arm, means for effecting the operation ofthe two machines in unison, and a device for automatically controlling the slide operating means at predetermined pointsrelative to the'picture and sound record, whereby 'predetermined parts of the sound record maybe automatically omitted i'rom reproduction and synchronism between picture projection and sound reproduction maintained.

5. In apparatus for synchronously projecting pictures and reproducing sound records, the combination of a picture projector, a sound reproducing machine provided with a two-speed feeding mechanism for the sound reproducer arm, a movable slide-rest for said arin and means for operating the slide-rest to raise or lower the reproducer arm for the purpose ofdiseontinuing or resuming sound reproduction and simultaneouslychanging the vfeeding drive from normal to high speed,orvvice versa, 1neans for ef'ecting the operation of the two machines in unison` and a device for automatically controlling the slide operating means at predetcrmined` points relative to the picture and sound record, whereby predetermined parts off the-sound record iiiay, be automatically omitted from reproduction and the reproducer simultaneonslyefed. at high speed to restore synchronism-with uninterrupted picture projection.

6. In apparatus forsynchronously projecting picturesandi reproducing sound records, the combination of-a picture projector, a sound reproducing` machine provided with means 'for discontinuing and resuming sound reproductiom,without interrupting-.the .forward feed ,of thesound ireprodueer, lmeans for eecting. tlie-nopeitationcof the .two machines in u'nisom anda manually;adjustable device .for-automatically (-:tllecting` the operation of said first-named-ineans; at predetermined jpcintsrelative ;to fthe picture and sound recprd, whereby :predetermined parts of the .sound recjord vmay be 'automatically :omitted from reproduction: and-synchronism betweenpiotuwnplojection a'nd sound-reproductionmaint-ained.

7 ingpparatus for. syndiinoiis'iy projecting Pitllges. findreprducinggsoundrecords,

-1 the comb atigngOf-,a picture projector, a

Sound ,reproducing machine provided Awith a twospeed- 1 feeding finechanism if or. the sound ieproduceiandmeans .for changing. the .feed from one speed tio-tile` lotherandsimultaneously eliminating Sound r-ljeproductionduring operation of thetjw machines! in unison, and a manually adjustable device 'for automatically controlling the operation offsadzfirstnamed means at predetermined points relative to thepicture and sound record, whereby predetermined parts .of the sound record may .a sound reproducing machine provided' with tivospeed feeding' mehanism for the sound rcprodiicer arnna movable slide-rest for said arm and means for operating the slide-rest to raiseor lower the reproducer arm for the' purpose of discontinuing or resuming sound reproduction and sin'iultaiieously 'Changing 1 the feeding drive from normal to high speed,

or vice versa, means for effecting the operation of the two machines 1n unison, and

a Amanually adjustable device for nutomatiweed. picture. pwectien! able contacts thereon.

cally controlling the slide operating means at predetermined points relative to the picture and sound record, whereby predeterminer part-s of t-'ne sound record may be automatically omitted from reproduction and the rcproi'lncer simultaneously fed at righ speed to restore synchronism with uninterrupted picture projection.

9. In apparatus for-synchronously projecting pictures and reproducingr sound records, the combination of a picture projector, a Sound reproducing machine provided with electrically operated means for discontinuing' and resun'iing-souiid reproduction withoutrintcrrupting the forward feed of -tlie sound reproducerf means l'orvcll'ecting the operation-ot the two machines in unison, und a circuit controlling device for automatically controlling the circuit to said electrically operated meansl at predetermined, points -relatii'e to the pictureand sound record',-\ v1 ier eby'1)iecletei-1iiined parts of the soundffipeoijd may be automaticallyfomitted'from reprodution and' Synchronismbetween picture projectioi-,V and sound Vreproduction 'vniaintained. i

l0. In apparatus `for synchronously projecting pictures and reproducing sound records, the combination of a picture projector,

4Va so undfreproducing machine provided-with a .two-speed feeding mechanism-for A the sound reproducen arm, a movable slide-rest :fer Seid @im .and electro-magnetic means ioroperatingitlie slide-rest to raise or lower @the reproducer arm for the purpose ofdis- C Qiimumsr resuming @und reproductwn and, Simulteveeu'sly.- Changing the ifeeig driyel-frkomfnorinalto ,high speed, orfyice imeekinesz in muschi-fend' a. Circuit aeeefsollei' .l Comprising 011er; more adjust ablecontacfts; a n'iovable nieixfiblei?,l andniean's fornatdvanoing Vthe?movable member .in unison with picture projectionnandsound ireprodnotion,.to automatically'- :cl'ose and lopen .thecircuitjto said electro-magnetic means at predetermined points, where'by l predetermined pafljts ofthe sound record may be automaticallyvonii'tted from reproduction and theA reproducer IsimultaneoiislyA fed high speed to rest-ore synchronism with uninterl l,. I riapictureprol tingand'sound reproducing. vunit of the :ha-racter defined in claim 9,:'a removablecontact:bar4 for the circuit controller having one or more adpist- V12.; Ihn iii/picturel projecting andsound reproducing unit ofthe character Adefined in claim 9, a removable Vcontact bar forl the circuit controller, comprising a. metal rod, a plate of' yinsulating material mounted thereon,y andjadjustable `contact-clips engaging said rod andstraddling the insulatingplate.

13... lua picture projecting and sound reproducing unit of the character defined in claim 9, a removable contact bar l'or the circuit controller, comprising a metal rod, a plate of insulating material mounted thereon, adjustable contact clips engaging said rod and straddling the insulating plate, and a locking device on said bar 'for securing the contact clips in position on said rod.

14. In a picture projecting and sound reproducing unit of the character defined in claim 9, a removable contact bar for the circuit controller having one or more adjustable contacts thereon, an adjustable gauge 'upon which said bar is mounted, said gauge having one or more graduations thereon for determining its adjustment, means for locking the gauge in adjusted position, and a movable Contact member moving in unison with picture projection and sound reproduction to automatically close and open the circuit to said electrically operated means e at predetermined points. Y

15. In a picture projecting and sound reproducing unit of the character defined in claim 9, a removable contactbar for the circuit controller having a pair of positioning holes therein, a plate of insulating material mounted on said bar, one or more Contact clips engaging said bar and straddling said insulating plate, a locking device on said bar for securing the contact clips in position, au adjustable gauge plate having a pair of pins with which the holes in said bar register to fix same in position on said gauge, said gauge having one or more graduations thereon for determining its adjustment, means` for locking the gauge plate in adjusted position, and a movable contact member moving in unison with picture projection and sound reproduction to automatically close and open the circuit to said electricallj1 operated means at predetermined points.

This specification signed at New York city, in the county and State of New York, this 17th day of August, 1927.

MICHAEL HOFFMAN. 

